Last Updated on Thursday, 18 May, 2023 08:52:39 PM

The Five Arachnid families  >  Spiders of Borneo  >  Part 1 : Family Salticidae

跳蛛科
JUMPING SPIDERS OF BORNEO
 A Gallery of Jumping Spider Species in Borneo Island
VISUAL IDENTIFICATION GUIDE
The Family of Salticidae in Borneo
There are 18 Subfamilies of Salticidae Family worldwide
out of which 15 are found in Borneo Island
 

Spiders are not insects, but air-breathing arthropods.

Most spiders spin webs to trap prey, however, jumping spiders (Salticidae), are the tigers of the spider world.
Jumping spiders are visual hunters with eight eyes and can see in a complete circle. They stalk their prey and then with a powerful jump spring the fatal surprise. More about Eyes of Spiders.

Spider's jump is powered by a burst of high blood pressure, not by leg muscles (spiders have none).
Jumping spiders range in size from two millimetres to seven millimetres, have stout bodies with two segments — the thorax and abdomen.

They are generally rectangular, but can be other shapes including linear, round, triangular and square. Like other arthropods, they have eight legs. They can be brightly colored — red, yellow, green violet, blue.
They are also mimics with some species looking like ants so that they can move among their prey undetected.
Silk is produced in special glands on the abdomen. The spider-produced silk is also used to create a sticky silken nest or home for the spider.

Females will also lay their eggs in silk nests. Spider courting can be dangerous and one of the aims of the male spiders is not to get eaten by the female it is interested in.
About 100 species of jumping spiders have been identified in Borneo.

Jumping spiders are found everywhere, except the extreme polar regions, in forests, deserts, grasslands and the city, hiding along trunks and among the leaves and in the ground. Keep your eyes open, a jumping spider may just be around the corner.

The most frequently encountered spiders in Sabah are Family: Salticidae (Jumping Spiders). They are widespread. This is the largest family of spiders with more than 4,400 species.
They hunt actively for food, and as their name indicates, they are adept jumpers. They pounce on their prey or leap away from danger, often with a safety line or drag line trailing behind them.

Some species have resorted to mimicry either for protection or to secure a living, such as the Kerengga Ant-like Jumper (Myrmarachne plataleoides).
Salticidae Family (jumping spider family) contains more than 500 described genera and about 5,000 described species, making it the largest family of spiders with about 13% of all species.



Both their book lungs and the tracheal system are well-developed, and they use both systems (bimodal breathing). Family Salticidae (Jumping Spiders) are generally recognized by their eye pattern. All Family Salticidae (Jumping Spiders) have four pairs of eyes with one pair being their particularly large anterior median eyes.

 

Jumping spiders have excellent vision among the spider species. Their eight eyes are grouped into two directions: four on the face four on top of the carapace (head).

Family: Salticidae (Jumping Spiders) have some of the best vision among arthropods and use it in courtship, hunting, and navigation. Although they normally move unobtrusively and fairly slowly, most species are capable of very agile jumps, notably when hunting and in response to sudden threats.

More about Eyes of Spiders

New records of Jumping Spiders of Sabah

Recent records of Jumping Spiders of Sabah
 

Family Salticidae
跳蛛科

Family: Salticidae
Genus : New Genus

Family: Salticidae (Jumping Spiders) New Genus : MALIAU Maliau sp MALIAU

Family: Salticidae Genus : New Genus New species : Eda sp EDA

Family: Salticidae Genus : New Genus Species : Balung sp BALUNG

Family: Salticidae 跳蛛科 Subfamily: Salticinae Family: Salticidae Subfamily: Salticinae Genus: Piranthus Species: Piranthus bakau Piranthus bakau Male ♂6mm 2017-07-29 BUKIT GEMOK   Family: Salticidae Subfamily: Salticinae Genus: Nannenus   Nannenus syrphus Squat Zebra Litter Jumper Male 2.5mm   Family: Salticidae Subfamily: Salticinae Genus: Pystira Simon, 1901 This genus not found in China Pystira Ephippigera ♀5.5mm This species not found in China 2020-09-18 TINAGAT Family: Salticidae Subfamily: Salticinae Genus: Emertonius Peckham & Peckham, 1892   Emertonius was first described by George and Elizabeth Peckham in 1892. It was variously treated as a synonym of Myrmarachne or a separate genus from 1978 onwards. Jerzy Prószyński revalidated the genus in 2018, and it is accepted by the World Spider Catalog as of August 2020. (en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Emertonius) Emertonius malayana (Myrmarachne malayana) 婆羅洲蟻蛛之一 Male ♂ 6mm Transforming from Juvenile to Adult 2020-09-19 SRI INDAH 5.5+0.5mm 4.5+1.5 4.5+1.5 中國蜘蛛生態大圖鑑 Page 624-634   Family Salticidae: 跳蛛科 Subfamily: Salticinae Genus: Bocus Bocus is a genus of Southeast Asian jumping spiders that was first described by George Peckham & Elizabeth Peckham in 1892. As of June 2019 it contains only three species, found only in the Philippines and Indonesia: B. angusticollis, B. excelsus, and B. philippinensis. They are indistinguishable from the related genus Myrmarachne without the help of a microscope. https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/.   Bocus sp SRI INDAH Female ♀12mm 2020-09-13 BANDAR SRI INDAH New record for Borneo This genus of spider not found in China

Family: Salticidae (Jumping Spiders)
Subfamily : Plexippinae

SubFamily : Plexippinae Genus Burmattus 緬蛛屬   Family Salticidae Burmattus sp GERGASSI New record in 2009 緬蛛新種於婆羅洲島 Female ♀13mm 2018-12-03 Mountain Rest House 中國蜘蛛生態大圖鑑 Page 593-594 Burmattus sp GOMANDONG Female A new record found in 2010 SubFamily : Plexippinae Genus: Ptocasius   Ptocasius sp NIAH MALE Unnamed species found in Niah National Park, Sarawak 7-6-2015 NIAH   SubFamily : Plexippinae Genus : Telamonia   SubFamily : Plexippinae Genus: Evarcha 獵蛛屬   Evarcha bulbosa 婆羅洲島獵蛛屬之一 Male 5.5mm 4-8-2015 TINAGAT This species is not found in China Evarcha flavocincta Female 8.5mm 29-10-2014 EDA SubFamily : Plexippinae Genus: Epeus Epeus flavobilineatus Male & Female Epeus alboguttatus 白斑艾普遍蛛 Male 中國蜘蛛生態大圖鑑 Page 604

Family: Salticidae (Jumping Spiders) Subfamily : Myrmarachninae Genus: Myrmarachne 蟻蛛屬 Ant mimicry hunter Spiders with three-clawed legs   Myrmarachne malayana a patch of white hair on each lateral sides of carapace. Male ♂ 6mm 2016-10-03 SEMARAK CAR Myrmarachne assimilis Bank, 1930 Male 30-7-2015 ESPLANDE Female 7.5mm 30-7-2015 ESP Myrmarachne formicaria Myrmarachne sp.TAWAU Myrmarachne formicaria Male and Female       Myrmarachne sp. KUHARA (?) • Short waist Long Abdomen Male ♂7mm 2017-07-22 SMK KUHARA ♀4.5mm 2017-07-22 SMK KUHARA Myrmarachne cornuta Type #3 • Short waist Round Abdomen Male Myrmarachne cornuta Type #1 Type #1 RED (?) Type #1 BLACK (cornuta) • Long waist • Long Abdomen Male and Female Myrmarachne sp.BENUK Female 28-7-2014 BENUK 27-11-2014 MEROTAI Myrmarachne sp.SEMARAK New Species first found in 2008 Female 2009 SEMARAK Male 2.25MM 23-7-2015 SEMARA Myrmarachne sp.BATU LINTANG Female 3.25mm 4MM 25-7-2014 BATU LINTANG Myrmarachne sp.ASIA Male 6mm 5-11-2014 ASIA STORE at SEMARAK Myrmarachne sp.MEROTAI2009 New Species found in 2009 Female. Male unknown Myrmarachne sp.VOCATIONAL Female ♀4mm+- 2016-02-06 VOCATIONAL COLLEGE TAWAU Myrmarachne sp. GEMOK Female Myrmarachne sp. MEROTAI2014 Female. Male unknown Myrmarachne sp. MADAI (?) Extra Long waist Male Myrmarachne sp.MEMBALUA New Species found in 2014 Female. Male unknown

Genus: Myrmatheca Prószyński, 2016   Myrmatheca alticephalon (Yamasaki & Ahmad, 2013)  sp. SHORT WAIST (possible new spicies) Myrmarachne alticephalon sp.SHORT ABDOMEN Male ♂ 9.5mm 2015-09-07 BOMBALAI Femle unknown Maddison's M. alticephalon is long waist.

Family: Salticidae (Jumping Spiders)跳蛛科 SubFamily : Plexippinae Genus Hyllus 蠅象屬 Subfamily: Plexippinae Hyllus semicupreus 東南亞蠅象之一 Female Location : SUNGAI TAWAU 21-9-2014 SUN Hyllus PORING Female A new species found in 2009 Hyllus diardi Male & Female Hyllus lacertosus Male & Female The Gold Jumping Spider

SubFamily : Plexippinae Genus: Plexippus 蠅虎屬 3 Records Plexippus HOTSPRING Male A new species found in 2009 Plexippus petersi 婆羅洲島蠅虎屬之一 This species is not found in China Male ♂8mm 2019-01-23 WED Tzu Chi Store room 中國蜘蛛生態大圖鑑 Ref. Page 648   Family Salticidae 跳蛛科 Plexippus paykulli (Plexippus setipes?) 蠅虎之一 Female ♀2018-01-07 MON Football Field under flowering tree.  中國蜘蛛生態大圖鑑 Ref. Page 648 The egg sac is guarded by the mother in a silken chamber built in a sheltered corner or a suitable-sized crevice.

Family: Salticidae (Jumping Spiders) 跳蛛科 Subfamily : Euophryinae Subfamily : Euophryinae Genus Thiania Female found in 2020 Subfamily: Euophryinae Thiania latefasciata Juvenile (sex uncertain) Probably will develop into  male 2015-01-08 UMS Found mainly in Borneo and surrounding islands such as Philippines and Singapore. No record from Indonesia Islands. Subfamily : Euophryinae Thiania bhamoensis Male 13-9-2009 ABAKA Subfamily: Euophryinae Genus : Palpelius This Genus is not found in China Palpeliussp WHITESTRIPE Male A New Record found in 2009, 2018.  No other images available in Internet Palpelius sp.TEA Male ♂ 8mm 2009-12-15 TEA GARDEN Subfamily : Euophryinae Palpelius sp.TAWAU Male New record in Borneo Palpelius sp.MEROTAI Female Spidering   Subfamily: Euophryinae Genus : Parabathippus Parabathippus petrae Male ♂8.5mm 2018-10-27 SAT CANOPY PATH PROSZYNSKI & DEELEMAN-REINHOLD in 2012 No such genus in China Subfamily: Euophryinae Genus : Thorelliola Thorelliola sp.MADAI Female New Species found in Borneo Island Genus : Thorelliola Thorelliola ensifera Male   Subfamily : Euophryinae Genus: Euophrys Subfamily : Euophryinae Euophrys sp.BOMBALAI Female Subfamily: Euophryinae Genus: Thianitara Genus: Thianitara Thianitara spectrum (White Armband Jumper) Subfamily: Euophryinae Genus: Laufeia Laufeia aenea Male 14-7-2015 TBL Subfamily: Euophryinae Genus: Donoessus Subfamily : Euophryinae Donoessus KNP Female New species found in 2009

Family: Salticidae (Jumping Spiders) Subfamily : Spartaeinae 散蛛亞科Spartaeinae   Subfamily: Spartaeinae Genus : Portia Portia fimbriata Male and Female   Subfamily: Spartaeinae Genus : Mintonia Subfamily: Spartaeinae Genus : Phaeacius 昏蛛屬   Phaeacius malayensis 馬來昏蛛 Female & Male ♀10mm 2018-08-18 PU ZHAO TEMPLE 中國蜘蛛生態大圖鑑 Page 636   Phaeacius BDC Female New species first record found in Kuching in 2009   Mintonia silvicola Female ♀ 2009-12-14 HOT SPRING Medison has a male image Subfamily: Spartaeinae Genus: Gelotia Gelotia syringopalpis Male ♂ 2015-08-03 MALIAU RIVER Subfamily: Spartaeinae Genus: Cocalus Cocalus murinus ♀8mm 2017-03-31 Kota Kinabalu Wetland Centre

Subfamily : Agoriinae Genus: Agorius The following two species are both new species. This genus is not found in China. Agorius sp ESPLANATE Female ♀6mm 2015-07-12 ESPLANATE Male Unknown Agorius sp KINABALU New Species Male and Female Male ♂2011-08-30 Kinabalu Park Female 2010-09-11 Gomandong Caves

Family: Salticidae (Jumping Spiders) Subfamily : Ballinae Subfamily: Ballinae Genus: Mantisatta Mantisatta trucidans Male 5mm Body Length not including front legs Location :  SUNGAI TAWAU  25-9-2009

Family: Salticidae (Jumping Spiders) Subfamily : Pelleninae Subfamily : Pelleninae Genus: Harmochirus   Harmochirus brachiatus Male and Female

Family: Salticidae (Jumping Spiders) Subfamily : Lyssomaninae Subfamily : Lyssomaninae Genus: Asemonea Asemonea sp.KNP Female A new species found in 2009

Family: Salticidae (Jumping Spiders) Subfamily : Hasariinae Subfamily : Hasariinae Genus: Hasarius Hasarius adansoni Male 5.5mm

Family: Salticidae (Jumping Spiders) 跳蛛科 Subfamily : Hisponinae   Subfamily : Hisponinae Genus: Jerzego a strange flat jumping spider Jerzego alboguttata (Hispo alboguttata) Male 4.5mm 11-7-2015 ESPLANADE Genus: Jerzego Jerzego corticicola Female   Subfamily : Hisponinae Genus: Bavia 包氏蛛屬 Family Salticidae Bavia sp GEMOK 包氏蛛新種於婆羅洲島 A New record for Borneo in 2014. Common in Borneo but without a scientific name yet. Female ♀ 10mm 2014-11-16 Esplanade Juvenile Female ♀ 10mm 2018-12-02 MOUNTAIN REST HOUSE 中國蜘蛛生態大圖鑑 Page 590-591 Bavia sp ESPLANADE FEMALE 9.5mm 23-11-2014 ESPLANADE Bavia sp BALUNG FEMALE A New Species found in Borneo in 2014 Bavia sp SEMARAK Male New Species in Borneo Island Bavia GUDANG 4 A new species both Male and Female

Family: Salticidae (Jumping Spiders) Subfamily : Aelurillinae   Genus: Phlegra Phlegra sp.NIRVANA Female ♀ 2009-12-12 NIRVANA MEMORIAL PARK Genus: Siler 翠蛛 Siler semiglaucus玉翠蛛 Female Location : Outside Tawau Sport Complex 21-6-2009 中國蜘蛛生態大圖鑑 Ref. Page 661

SPIDER FACTS AND INFORMATION

GUIDE TO COMMON SPIDERS IN BORNEO ISLAND (Total 7 parts)
The number of spider species of Borneo is getting too large to list into just one page, so this long list is divided into following smaller manageable seven parts:
Part 1 : Family : Salticidae - Jumping Spiders

Part 2 : Family Araneidae - Orb Web Spiders

Part 3 : Family Thomisidae - Crab Spiders

Part 4 : Family Theridiidae - Tangle web spider

Part 5 : Family Tetragnathidae - Big-jawed Spiders

Part 6 : Family Sparassidae - Huntsman Spiders

Part 7 : All other minority spider families - Less encountered species etc..
 

Family: Salticidae 跳蛛科
(Jumping Spiders)
There are 18 Subfamilies of Salticidae worldwide. Out of which 15 Subfamilies are found in Borneo Island

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