Finding these cherished 13 precious objects again required cooperation between the gods (devas) and demons (asuras) in an almighty dredging exercise.

The scheme required the assistance of the giant serpent Vasuki, who offered himself as a rope to enable the rotating of a “churning stick.” The churning stick is depicted as Mount Mandara.

At some point in the tug of war Mount Mandara starts to sink and has to be support upright by a giant turtle, an incarnation of the Hindu deity Vishnu.

The Sea of milk or Ocean of immortality is released due to this tug of war or dredging action.

Many other treasures are tossed up too. It is said that the serpent was wrenched back and forth in a tug-of-war that lasted for a thousand years.

As usual in South Indian painting, at the top of the mountain a temple's golden kalasha is visible. Just above it, Viṣṇu is emerging half bust from a cloud, carrying the amrita vessel in his hands.

The densely forested Mandara, inhabited by gandharvas playing musical instruments, rests on the Kurma, duly identified by an inscription: 'Kurm raja'. Coiled around the mountain is the serpent Vasuki, identified as 'Vasuka', whose tail end is held by the dikpalas, here identified as 'Asuras' and the head by the asuras, here labelled 'Suras'. Both dikpalas and asuras stand in the ocean's water filled with fish. The dikpalas are headed by Indra easily recognizable by the vajra in his hand and by the thousand eyes on his body.

He is followed by the two-headed Agni, the bushy-moustached Yama, and by Nirriti, Varuna, Vayu, Kubera, Ishana, Surya and Candra. On the opposite side are nine asuras, enveloped by the dark fumes spewed out by Vasuki.

In the foreground are the many precious objects which emerged from the depths of the sea:
1- the horse Uchchaihshravas, here depicted with only one instead of the usual seven heads,
2- the white elephant Airavata,
3- a throne(?),
4- the fire,
5- the tulsi plant,
6- a chariot,
7- the goddess Lakshmi seated on a lotus , identified by an inscription: 'Lakshmee, goddess of abundance',
8- the parijata tree,
9- Surabhi,
10- Soma,
11- a portly man seated on a throne carrying a book, identified by an inscription as 'Daruma god of water', possibly Varuna?,
12- five precious stones,
13- yet another tree, possibly the kalpavriksha,
14- the apsaras, one of whom, Tilottama is immediately carried away by the asura brothers Sunda and Upasunda,
15- a goddess with a broom, possibly Jyeshtha or Alakshmi, sister of Lakshmi and goddess of misfortune.

It should be noted that the list of the objects retrieved from the ocean varies according to the texts.

The variety presented here is especially large, as it includes the throne, the fire, the tulsi, the chariot, and last but not least Alakshmi. It is also unusual to find the story of Tilottama, Sunda and Upasunda hinted at in this context. Yet another remarkable feature is the presence of Varuna (?).

It is generally Varuni the goddess of wine who appears in the renderings of this incident, and another strange omission is that of Dhanvantari, the physician of the gods, who appears with the amrita vessel in his hands. As noted above, in this painting it is Viṣṇu who carries the amrita to the devas. In the left upper corner of the painting Viṣṇu as Mohini, identified by an inscription 'Narayana', is doling out the amrita to the assembled gods seated opposite the asuras. While she is busy she is distracted by the asuras clamouring for their share.

Samudra manthan

The churning of the Ocean of Milk or the Milky Way was an elaborate process. Mount Mandarachala, also known as Mount Meru, was used as the churning rod, and Vasuki, the king of serpents, became the churning rope. The demons (asuras) demanded to hold the head of the snake, while the demigods (devas), taking advice from Vishnu, agreed to hold its tail. As a result the demons were poisoned by fumes emitted by Vasuki. Despite this, the demigods and demons pulled back and forth on the snake's body alternately, causing the mountain to rotate, which in turn churned the ocean. However, once the mountain was placed on the ocean, it began to sink. Lord Vishnu in His second incarnation, in the form of a turtle Kurma, came to their rescue and supported the mountain on His back.

The Samudra Manthan process released a number of things from the Milk Ocean. One product was the lethal poison known as Halahala. (In some versions of the story, this poison escaped from the mouth of the serpent king as the demons and gods churned.) This terrified the gods and demons because the poison was so powerful that it could contaminate the Milk Ocean and destroy all of creation. On the advice of Lord Vishnu, the gods approached the compassionate Lord Shiva for help and protection. Lord Shiva inhaled the poison in an act to protect the universe, and Goddess Parvati pressed her hand in act to save the universe. Some stories suggest that the powerful goddess pressed his neck to stop the poison from spreading while other stories suggest that Goddess Parvati suckled him in the form of Goddess Tara to stop the poison form spreading. There is another aspect by Dvaitha or dualist philosophies that Lord Vayu collected the poison in a conch and drank the whole except a few drops that spilled from the conch. Lord Shiva took the drops in his skull made bowl and drank in total. It is the power of Parvati's ear rings that he was saved. As a result, The color of Lord Shiva's neck turned blue. For this reason, Lord Shiva is also called Neelakanta (the blue-throated one; "neela" = "blue", "kantha" = "throat" in Sanskrit). When the heat from the poison finally became unbearable for Lord Shiva, he used his trishul to dig for water, thus forming the Gosaikunda lake.

Halāhala (Hindi हलाहल) or Kalakootam (Sanskrit कालकूटं [1])

Hinduism is a conglomeration of distinct intellectual and philosophical points of view. Hinduism includes numerous  traditions among them are  :

1) Shaivism,
2) Vaishnavism
3) Śrauta
4) Kapalikas  historical groups,

Among other practices and philosophies, Hinduism includes a wide spectrum of laws and prescriptions of "daily morality" based on karma, dharma, and societal norms.

Hinduism is formed of diverse traditions and has no single founder.

Among its direct roots is the historical Vedic religion of Iron Age India and, as such, Hinduism is often called the "oldest living religion" or the "oldest living major religion" in the world.

One orthodox classification of Hindu texts is to divide into Śruti ("revealed") and Smriti ("remembered") texts.

These texts discuss theology, philosophy, mythology, rituals and temple building among other topics. Major scriptures include the Vedas, Upanishads, Purāṇas, Mahābhārata, Rāmāyaṇa, Bhagavad Gītā and Āgamas.

Hinduism, with about one billion followers, is the world's third largest religion, after Christianity and Islam.